The group of Vietnamese engineers has successfully developed the heating kiln system with the ability to recover all energy into gas, pyrolysis oil, biological coal without emissions, leachate and ash.
The system is designed and manufactured by the engineering group of engineers of Asian Vietnam Green Environment Joint Stock Company. The research team has registered the patent copyright, was issued a decision to accept an application decision by the Department of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Science and Technology on April 4, 2025.
The system consists of six main parts: receiving and waste treatment money; garbage heatization oven; Gas treatment of gas recovery and biological oil; Biological coal recovery; Circulating wastewater treatment and automatic control cluster. The furnace operates according to the principle of heatization of waste decomposition at low temperatures, below 3000C, Combining special catalysts made by the group, helping waste decay into biological oil, gas and biological coal. These energy sources can be reused in industry such as generating electricity, burning furnaces or providing plants to use heat.
The waste treatment system is developed by the research team. Image: Loc Chung
Engineer Bui Quoc Dung, leader of the research team, said that the entire processing process lasted from 3 to 4 hours, including the decaying, heatization and separation of output products. “All the gas generated during the processing process is recovered, returning to supply the system. The residue is transferred to archive,” he said, adding that the output energy is enough to serve the entire waste treatment process, the grid is only for lighting equipment and auxiliary equipment. Leachate, mud and waste are also taken back into the oven to continue treating, ensuring no emissions into the environment.
The system is designed in a module with a power range of 60 to 160 tons/day and night. This scale requires an installation of the furnace system about 400-500 m², suitable for both urban and rural areas or right at the landfills or old landfills that need to be reformed. Each system needs 3-4 operators and do not require highly qualified human resources. All operating processes are completely automatically controlled and monitored through the intranet, continuous monitoring of the parameters of pressure, temperature and flow of garbage, gas, liquid and coal.
How to operate the waste treatment system with pyrolysis technology. Video: Loc Chung
Mr. Bui Quoc Dung said, the group of 4 engineers started deploying the system at the end of 2023, after more than 10 years of cherishing the idea of learning about energy environment technologies. Initially, the company has followed the consultation of a unit on waste treatment technology granted patented in the US. But the system does not control the path of garbage, coal and gas. The reason for Vietnam’s waste is not classified at the source, so the process of running this system is clogged after three days of operation. Following that, the storm of Yagi arrived, breaking the chain that was testing at the garbage treatment plant in Yen Dung, Bac Giang.
“Failure but we are determined to start over,” Dung said. With the knowledge of hydroelectricity and technical management experience for over 30 years, he also tinkered with technologies: thermodynamic and heat transfer; Mechanical manufacturing and equipment design. The remaining three with expertise on petrochemical, chemical and chemical analysis, material endurance, environmental technology, electricity – automation and technical economy – valuation – investment analysis “eat and sleep” at garbage factory for more than a year. All do, perform hundreds of experiments to adjust the temperature, practice catalysts … to choose the appropriate parameters.
“Designing the second system, scrap iron is as big as the garbage treatment line,” he said. At the third system, the garbage was put into treatment, the machine operated smoothly, the temperature was only about 260 degrees C. “Seeing the output is oil, biological coal, gas, brothers hugging and shouting. I was silent because I knew it was successful!”, KS Dung was moved, adding that instead of following the technology from the beginning, the group went against reality, just did it, adjusted the process of the process of the process of the process.
KS Bui Quoc Dung burns pyrolysis oil tests from the system. Image: Loc Chung
Mr. Le Nam Thang, an petrochemical engineer – a member of the group, said that the garbage was heated but the density of energy was low. The objective of the study must find ways to metabolize heat, which increases the amount of heat by the catalyst. “With nearly 30 years of experience working at the petrochemical refinery, combining hundreds of experiments, we have found a temperature and catalyst to convert garbage into useful energy,” Thang said. The most difficult in the process of manufacturing the system is the thermal problem to not release natural carbon into the environment. Currently, the group has mastered technology, can actively adjust the output to prioritize gas, coal or oil at different ratios.
According to KS Thang, if there is funding, phase 2 will continue to research to improve the optimal quality of the output product to increase technology efficiency. However, this is the goal in the future, he said, in the immediate future, optimizing waste treatment, ensuring no emissions causing environmental pollution.
Mr. Pham Quoc Hung Bach Khoa engineer – a member of the group said that with the factory, the group is currently operating the system with enough gas to supply the system, the remaining energy is converted into oil and biological coal (convenient for storage). The group is about to complete the second line, the capacity of about 80 tons of domestic waste/day and night.
Mr. Hung added, the system can design flexible manufacturing on a local size, from a few dozen tons to hundreds of tons a day. This is a suitable solution for small urban areas, remote districts and concentrated industrial parks; circulating agricultural farm; Large -scale provinces and cities invested in reconciliation for garbage burial sites. “We believe that garbage is no longer a burden but a resource, if we handle it smartly,” Mr. Hung said.
Mr. Nguyen Xuan Nguyen – Automation Engineer, a member of the group said: The automation – electricity – control system in the handling line plays a key role in ensuring the process of heat decomposition takes place accurately, stable and safe. This is an integrated array of industrial logic control and heat decomposition reaction mechanism, in order to maintain operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, material supply speed … within optimal limits. The automation not only helps to improve product recovery efficiency (oil, gas, biological coal) but also reduces dependence on humans and creates a foundation for developing non -emissible systems on industrial scale.
The entire technology is mastered by the research team, which can be manufactured entirely in the country, helping to reduce investment costs, only about 30% compared to the current garbage power plant. According to Pham Quoc Hung, the group is ready to manufacture equipment and technology transfer to localities nationwide to handle waste problem. With the current waste treatment unit price such as domestic waste treatment fee in Hanoi or Ho Chi Minh City, this system can pay back after about 4-5 years, even shortened to 3.5 years if the skills are good and even.