Infertility at age 20 due to polycystic ovary syndrome

“Amenorrhea and infertility are things I did not expect,” Ms. Nhan, now 24 years old, shared on November 2, while holding her first daughter, who was more than a month old.

Ms. Nhan’s menstruation has been irregular since puberty and then gradually becomes less frequent, each cycle is 3-4 months long. 4 years ago, when she got married, she lost her menstruation completely, her weight increased from 45 kg to 79 kg. Oriental medicine was ineffective, so she went from Hai Phong to Hanoi for infertility examination.

Doctor Phan Ngoc Quy, Reproductive Support Center, Tam Anh General Hospital, Hanoi, said that Ms. Nhan is infertile due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common hormonal disorder. in women of reproductive age. The disease causes menstrual cycle disorders, increases male hormone levels, and reduces the chance of pregnancy. Women with PCOS may have normal periods, with infrequent cycles or only having periods every few months. In some cases of amenorrhea, medication is even required. At IVF Tam Anh, about 20% of patients are infertile due to polycystic ovary syndrome.

Ms. Nhan had unsuccessful artificial insemination (IUI) and decided to have in vitro fertilization (IVF). Doctor Quy said the patient is young so he has many ovarian follicles. After egg stimulation with an individualized dose, the doctor aspirated the eggs and in vitro fertilized them with the husband’s sperm, resulting in the culture of 11 day 5 embryos and 9 day 6 embryos of good quality.

Ms. Nhan was able to rest to avoid ovarian hyperstimulation, restore her health and spirit, and receive treatment to stabilize blood sugar at the Endocrinology – Diabetes department before embryo transfer. Two months later, the People’s Physician, Associate Professor Dr. Le Hoang, Director of IVF Tam Anh, transferred a day 5 embryo into the uterus to help Ms. Nhan get pregnant immediately.

However, women with type 2 diabetes can cause the fetus to grow too quickly, leading to a large birth weight (usually over 4 kg), the risk of injury during birth or the inability to give birth normally. Pregnant women are admitted to the hospital specializing in Endocrinology – Diabetes for monitoring and treatment with medication combined with appropriate nutrition to ensure a safe pregnancy. In September 2024, she gave birth to a healthy daughter weighing 3.1 kg.

According to doctor Quy, at IVF Tam Anh, the proportion of infertile female patients in their twenties is only 2%, most of whom are over 35 years old. The cause of infertility in women is usually fallopian tube blockage, low ovarian reserve, polycystic ovaries… In men, it is weak sperm and azoospermia. In addition to genetic diseases, environment, unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking, drinking alcohol, unsafe sex, abortion… also make young people infertile.

Doctor Quy said infertility in young people is often easy to treat, costing about 100 million VND. The advantage of this group is that they get married early and get examined early so doctors can promptly detect diseases. Complications of the disease are not complicated, ovarian reserve and physical strength are good, young age makes conception, pregnancy, and childbirth more convenient than older patients.

At Tam Anh IVF, couples under 30 years old are often successful in their first or second IVF treatment. The conception rate is 89%, double that of the age group 35 and older.