Artificial intelligence represents one of the most significant challenges of our era, with implications that go far beyond the world of work. Governments are trying to find a balance between innovation, social equity and security, but the path is still long. The ability to respond effectively will depend on global cooperation and the political will to invest in a more inclusive future. Governments around the world are developing strategies and policies to mitigate the risks and maximize the benefits of AI.
AI regulation and ethics
A central aspect of the government’s approach is the development of regulations to ensure the ethical and responsible use of artificial intelligence. The European Union introduced the AI Act, a regulatory framework that classifies AI applications based on risk, imposing more stringent requirements for sensitive sectors such as healthcare and finance. This approach aims to balance innovation with the protection of human rights, including privacy and non-discrimination. In the United States, the Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights proposes principles to protect citizens from the misuse of AI, such as discriminatory use in hiring algorithms. China and India, on the other hand, are adopting centralized approaches to regulating AI, aiming to control technologies and protect citizens’ data.
Training and retraining of the workforce
AI-powered automation is replacing repetitive tasks in industries like manufacturing, logistics and customer service, creating job uncertainty for millions of workers. Governments are investing in reskilling and training programs to help workers adapt. In Germany, funds have been allocated for the “Skills for the Future” program, which provides training for the digital and advanced skills needed to work with AI systems. In Japan the ‘Society 5.0’ initiative aims to integrate advanced technologies into the economic and social sectors, accompanying the transformation with targeted educational programs. In India, with the “Digital India” program, the aim is to train young people and professionals in AI-related skills, with the aim of creating a highly qualified workforce.
Protection of Workers and New Social Policies
The social implications of AI require a rethink of welfare systems and employment protections. Governments are considering tools such as universal income and new regulations to ensure workers’ economic security. Finland and Canada have piloted universal income programs to explore the possibility of offering stable financial support to those who lose their jobs due to automation. French authorities are reviewing labor law to include regulations on the use of algorithms in hiring and firing decisions.
Promotion of Innovation
While addressing the risks, many governments see AI as a lever for economic growth and international competitiveness. This is why they are investing in infrastructure and research projects. In the United States, the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 continues to support the development of AI, with funds dedicated to research and building advanced supercomputers. In China, the leadership aims to dominate AI by 2030, with massive investments in technology start-ups and computing infrastructure. Horizon Europe programs dedicate billions of euros to the development of sustainable and inclusive AI.
International collaboration
The global implications of AI require collaboration between countries. International organizations such as the UN and OECD are working to create common standards that will guide the adoption of AI on a global scale. In 2024, the Global AI Forum brought together world leaders to discuss topics such as algorithmic governance and social justice.