What are filaments, what each type is for and which one is best to start with

These “threads” of various materials that the printer melts layer by layer to shape each piece until a few years ago were difficult to obtain or were reserved for industrial uses. today they are easily found in specialized stores, marketplaces and local distributors.

From the classics PLA and PETG to more advanced options like ABSnylon or reinforced materials, the variety available expands the creative and functional range, and allows enthusiasts, entrepreneurs and designers to experiment with increasingly complex solutions.

In the world of 3D printers, the filament is the printed object what ink is to a conventional printerl.

It is an ultra-thin thread wound on a spool that the machine heats during printing, melts and deposits layer by layer to form a part. There are options of 1 kilogram and Its price ranges from 20,000 to 190,000 pesos. depending on the type of material.

Although there are dozens of varieties, the most popular materials are PLA, PETG and ABS. And within home use, aesthetic filaments are also gaining ground, such as those with a “silk” finish or those that imitate wood.

For a user who has never printed anything, understanding these differences is key to find out what kind of objects you can make.

Without a doubt, the ideal filament to start venturing into this world and enough to print 90% of household parts. It is the equivalent of “automatic mode”: works well on almost any printer and does not require technical knowledge.

It is a material of certain rigidity and good finishing quality, which makes it key for decorative objectstoys, supports, simple spare parts and prototypes.

However, its greatest weakness is heat resistance: a PLA object inside the car in summer can deform. It is also a not very flexible material; If you force it too much, it tends to break. Even so, for domestic and everyday use, it is more than enough.

In addition to functional materials, there are options within this class of filament that are designed to obtain visually attractive pieces, that deliver a soft and shiny effect. To do this you have to choose the variants Silk, Rainbow y Wood only when you have good control of the printer.

He Silk It is a type of PLA with a glossy finish, similar to satin. The pieces come out with a “metallic” effect which makes them ideal for decoration, collectible figures, vases and artistic pieces. You just have to keep in mind that this material requires good control of the print speed to avoid failures, but the results are usually spectacular.

PLA Rainbow It is a multicolored filament that changes tone throughout the reel. They allow large objects to be printed with gradients ranging from warm tones to pastel blends. They are widely chosen for pots, decorations and objects where color is the protagonist.

However, one of the most striking in this variant is Woodneither more nor less than PLA mixed with wood powder. The result has a texture and appearance that resembles to natural wood. It is even possible sand it, varnish it or paint itwhich allows you to make everything from photo frames to rustic sculptures or small decorative elements.

One step higher appears this variant of PET plastic which is used in bottles and food containers. In 3D printing it stands out for its resistance, moderate flexibility and greater heat tolerance. He even has one phosphorescent version or “Glow in the Dark” that is charged with light (solar or artificial) and then slowly emits that glow, ideal for decoration, toys and signage.

Although it requires a little more temperature adjustment than PLA, it is still accessible for beginner users.

Finally, the filament recommended for advanced levels due to its impact resistance, hardness, rigidity and good thermal stability. It is useful, but not friendly to begin with.

Prints at higher extrusion temperatures (240-260°C) than other materials. Besides, may emit harmful odors and vaporsso it is recommended not to print in closed spaces.

With PLA or PETG it is possible to create organizers for drawers or desks; supports for cell phones, tablets and headphones; Wall hooks and pendants for kitchen or bathroom. You can even print spare parts for furniture and appliances, broken knobs, covers or hinges.

Even components for robotics, cell phone cases and spare parts for other 3D printers since they can support between 15 and 20 kilograms of weight, heat or movement. They are also useful for flower pots, candle holders and decorative objects to use in any environment.

For LEGO-style blocks, car parts, appliances, electronic housings and more, due to its durability and ease of molding, you should opt for ABS filament.