Answering a phone call has become a risky activity for many Peruvians. And you can fall into the hands of a criminal, be a victim of extortion or financial fraud. It is increasingly common to receive calls from international numbers, with a long line of digits, with the name of banks or institutions, which are no longer just annoying and, rather, arouse suspicion.
The next technique to know is the Voice over IP (VoIP), which is a technology that allows you to make voice calls over the Internet. It does not use traditional telephone lines and usually has the appearance of an international call, or it is a code so long that it is followed by several periods.
Complementing this technique is the spoofing. It is a technique widely used in telephone fraud and consists of spoofing a telephone number.
“Really, they [los criminales] They can put any number. even your own number, that is, the number of the person you are ringing, who is receiving the call.”Assolini said in conversation with The Commerce.
Criminal networks usually combine these and other techniques and, according to the specialist, “The way fraud occurs depends on the criminal’s challenge”. Another detail is that the way to track them becomes more complicated.
And what happens in Peru?
Among unknown international calls there is a type of scam called “Wangiri”, which is an alleged form of telephone fraud. It consists of making missed calls of very short duration, generally from unknown international numbers, with the aim of inducing the user to call back. This could result in high charges.
According to the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property (Indecopi), to date ““It has not registered complaints, claims or administrative sanctioning procedures specifically related to this type of calls.”
What is being investigated are the “cases related to unsolicited commercial communications (spam)”, by the Consumer Protection Commission No. 3. This has occurred since the application of Law No. 32323, which strengthened the prohibition of these practices.
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“Indecopi has been carrying out inspection actions to verify compliance with this standard, the results of which could give rise, if appropriate, to the initiation of administrative sanctioning procedures”the institute indicated to this newspaper. In any case, he urged the population to remain alert against these types of practices and report to the authorities.
The Peruvian case is found within the Latin American context. Assolini points out that if there is one thing our region stands out for, it is financial fraud. “Latin American frauds are, in my opinion, well done because they occur in the local language, with local themes, using local banking names”he explained.
Other sources from which attacks usually come are Asia and Africa. These cases include sexual extortion, romance fraud, and cryptocurrency investment cases.
Some recommendations
Unfortunately, distrust in phone calls from unknown numbers has led to more people not answering.
That is a problem, indicates the Kaspersky specialist, because it affects user confidence. In that sense, he warned that it is the responsibility of telecommunications companies to block these Voice over IP call providers.
“As long as this does not happen, the problem remains in people’s hands,” said Assolini, and stated that it should be “mandatory for telecommunications companies to adopt modern protocols that allow these types of calls to be blocked and controlled.”
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He indicated that most companies operate with the SS7 protocol, which is already very old, and “If they are not adopted, criminals will be free to continue with fraud, fraudulent calls of all kinds”. This involves device changes, protocol changes, software changes.
What can the user do? One option is to install applications that identify the origin and security of the phone call, such as Kaspersky’s Who Calls. But there are also some practices that can be followed.
“When you realize that it is a call from abroad, from a number you don’t know, you have to hang up immediately. It’s the easiest thing because they will try to involve you through social engineering, or even make you afraid,” he indicated, because they will invent some financial problem.
It also recommended that under no circumstances should you confirm codes received by SMS, email or install any application. These would open the door for fraud. Until these organizations are dismantled, prevention will be in the hands of users.
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