Scientists have successfully created a new type of vaccine, activate the immune reaction, inhibit many types of cancer.
Researchers at the University of TFTS have created a new cancer vaccine, enhancing the ability to identify the immune system of the immune system. This method produces powerful immune response and long -term immune memory setting, reducing the likelihood of tumor recurrence.
Unlike traditional cancer vaccines targeting the specific antigen, the new vaccine uses a protein mixture from any solid tumor, eliminating the need to determine the specific antigen of the tumor. The vaccine has been tested on animals, showing the effect against many solid tumors, including malignant tumors, negative breast cancer, lewis lung cancer and ovarian cancer that cannot be surgery.
The vaccine is developed by Professor Qiaobing Xu, majoring in the University of TeFTS and colleagues, based on the previous research on specific antigen manifestations. Vaccine uses lipid nanoparticles that bring mRNA into the lymphatic system to enhance the immune reaction.
“We have significantly improved the design of cancer vaccine by applying to any solid tumor that can produce a protein mixture, even the tumor of unknown origin, without choosing the MRNA sequence.
T -cell simulation (blue) is attacking and breaking a cancer cell. Image: Yu Zhao
Unlike traditional vaccines to prevent bacterial or viral infectious diseases, cancer vaccines stimulate the immune system to identify and attack the disease. The injection dose is designed to treat rather than prevent and eliminate existing diseases. Currently the world has some types of cancer prevention vaccines, but often targeting related viruses, such as HPV causing cervical cancer.
The key to help new cancer vaccine is highly effective in the ability to direct the antigen from the tumor to the immune system effectively. Typically, the process of collecting and inserting antigens into cells such as macrophages or tentacles (can be considered as a “police station” of the immune system) is quite slow and inefficient, especially with tumor antigen. To overcome this, the research team at the University of TFTS has developed a two -stage method to enhance the ability to identify and activate the immune system.
First, they use AHPC molecules to “mark” tumor proteins with a special card called Ubiquitin. As a result, immune cells can easily identify and process these proteins into small pieces to present the immune system. Next, the processed tumor proteins will be packed into micro lipid particles – designed to move directly to the lymph nodes, where the concentration of many antigen cells.
When testing on animals with cancer such as skin cancer (Melanoma), negative base cancer, lewis lung cancer and end -stage ovarian cancer, the vaccine strongly activates toxic T cells. These cells attack tumors, helping to inhibit growth and prevent metastases.
“Cancer treatment always needs a synthetic strategy. Combining cancer vaccine with surgery, chemotherapy and other therapies helps increase the effectiveness of destroying cancer cells and reduces the risk of recurrence for a long time,” Professor Xu said.