The summary is made by artificial intelligence and checked by a human.
The iceberg that sank the Titanic has melted into the Atlantic Ocean.
Ants reduce their movement in the rain, but do not necessarily go to shelter.
There are more migratory birds than wintering birds in Finland.
Children remember their dreams less than adults, but more of their nightmares.
Does the iceberg that sunk the Titanic still exist?
Akseli Salminen, 11
Titanic the sunken iceberg no longer exists. It has melted into the Atlantic Ocean a long time ago.
The iceberg in question was probably a huge lump that had broken off from the Greenland glacier into the sea, which the sea currents carried south towards warmer waters and the route of the Titanic. In the North Atlantic, the icebergs melt in about four years.
Icebergs always originate from glaciers. Glaciers form over the years if it is so cold even in summer that the snowbanks don’t melt away. Gradually, the snow is so thick that the lowest layers condense into ice. In Greenland, the glacier flows very slowly towards the shore and eventually icebergs break off from it into the sea.
In addition to Greenland, large icebergs break off from the glacier covering Antarctica. Icebergs only stay in the sea for a year or so, but sometimes they get stuck to the seabed and remain in place for a long time. Then they resemble real mountains.
Jukka Tuhkuri
ice researcher, professor of strength theory
Aalto University
The ant’s nest protects its inhabitants quite well.
Do ants go to shelter from rain and thunder?
Sampo Vesala, 4
Ants are not as sensitive to wetting as flying insects. Getting wet is harmful to flying. The crumbs don’t necessarily go under cover in rainy weather.
The ants may reduce their movement outside the nest in case of heavy rain. This can happen especially if it is clearly cooler in rainy weather than in snowy weather.
Ants are heat exchangers, meaning their body temperature changes according to the air temperature, which is why their movement is slower in cold air. Then food may also be less available.
The surface of the anthills is tight and prevents too much water from entering. However, very heavy rain may cause water to run into the burrows of ant species nesting underground, so the ants may be very busy with nest maintenance after the rain.
Instead of rain, very hot and dry days can often drive ants to the shelter of their nests. The temperature and humidity in the nest are more suitable at that time. As far as I know, the effect of thunder on ants has not been studied.
Heikki Helanterä
professor of evolutionary biology and genomics
University of Oulu
In the fall, geese can be seen in large flocks when the birds are in migration.
Which are more numerous in Finland, migratory birds or those that stay in Finland for the winter?
Jesperi Juslin, 6
Migratory birds the proportion of all birds increases the closer you get to the North and South Pole regions.
In northern areas, such as Finland, it is simply too cold and too little food for the majority of bird species to winter here.
Birds can be roughly divided into three groups in terms of migration: true migrants, partial migrants and local birds.
190 species of genuine migratory birds breed in Finland. In terms of individuals, there are approximately 38 million pairs of female and male birds. Authentic migratory birds are, for example, our most abundant bird species, the willow bird and the finch.
Of the partial migrants, some move and some spend the winter. For example, some of the winter tit move to Sweden for the winter and some spend the winter in southern Finland. A total of 30 species and about seven million pairs breed in Finland.
Local birds mainly stay in the same area throughout the year. There are 35 species and about four million pairs in Finland. Woodpeckers, titmice, crows, sparrows and hens migrate the least.
In Finland, there are more migratory birds than birds that winter here, both in terms of individuals and species.
The number of nesting birds here can be estimated, but the number of chicks and pre-mature birds has never been able to be estimated because it is really difficult to do so. Warmer winters due to climate change have increased the number of birds wintering in Finland.
Aleksi Lehikoinen
superintendent
Creation
At least children have more bad dreams than adults.
Do children dream more than adults?
Samuel Vilhunen, 12
Not at all so far, it is not possible to conclude when a sleeping person is dreaming from any results measuring brain activity. The study of dreams is always dependent on remembering dreams and reporting them.
It is difficult to examine dreams in babies and toddlers when they cannot yet speak and thus tell about their dreams. Young children also do not distinguish between sleep and waking experiences.
According to sleep laboratory studies, children between the ages of 3 and 5 rarely remember their dreams and their sleep reports are short. However, it has been criticized that the laboratory environment can be alien and scary for a small child.
In a familiar and safe home environment, children as young as 2-3 years old can report very long and vivid story dreams.
Remembering dreams and the length of dream reports increases steadily in 5- to 9-year-olds. According to both laboratory and home sleep diary studies, dream recall appears to develop close to adult level around 9–11 years of age. Girls a little earlier than boys.
Remembering dreams and the length of dream reports increases until about 16 years of age. Dreams are usually remembered most in young adulthood.
The development of cognitive skills, i.e. perceiving, thinking and remembering, seems to be directly connected to remembering dreams and perhaps even seeing them.
However, children have more nightmares than adults. Their number is at its greatest around the age of 10 and they usually begin to subside after the age of 12–14.
Katja Valli
associate professor of psychology
University of Turku
Send the question, the questioner’s full name and age to [email protected]. The column is provided by Touko Kauppinen