Majorana 1, the first quantum processor with topological cubits of Microsoft

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This is the creation of the first quantum processor with topological nucleus architecture, called Majorana 1, which takes advantage of the topoconductive material to “observe and control Majorana’s particles [una partícula que es a su vez su antipartícula] to produce more reliable and scalable cubits, which are the basic components for quantum computers. ”

Topoconductors are a type of matter that can create a new state that is neither solid, liquid nor gaseous, but topological, which remains robust even when it is deforms, and are excellent electricity conductors. For their part, Majoranas are an exotic type of particle that hide quantum information and are robust to decoherence.

Decoherence is an important phenomenon in quantum computing. It is linked to the superposition of the cubits, the basic unit of information, which can be easily disturbed by the noise of the environment and that makes quantum computing more prone to errors, even more than any classical computational architecture. And those errors are transmitted instantly to each cubit.

Researchers estimate that to achieve a quantum computer tolerant to error, the development of devices of at least one million cubits is required. Precisely, topoconductors will allow developing quantum systems that can climb to a million cubits.

“If not, we will collide with a wall before reaching the scale in which we can solve the really important problems that motivate us,” Microsoft’s technique partner said, in a press release.

The architecture of Majorana 1 opens the way to introduce a million cubits into a single processor. This architecture uses aluminum nanocables united in the form of ax (H), and each H has four controllable majoranas and makes a cubit. The Haras, in addition, can be connected and placed through the chip as if they were pieces.

Microsoft stressed that one of the most important parts in this research has been to get the pile of materials to be adequate to produce a topological state of the matter. The researchers opted for a topoconductor of Indian Arseniuro, a compound formed by Indian and arsenic that already uses in infarce detectors; and is linked to superconductivity with extreme cold.

Majorana 1 is a quantum processor that fits in the palm of the hand and that can integrate into a quantum computer that can be deployed in the Azure data centers.