Scientists have developed the first “universal vaccine” using AI

Given the constant emergence of new variants of coronaviruses, scientists decided to create a drug that can provide protection not only against existing, but also against potential future mutations. The new type of vaccine is designed to create long-term immunity against a wide range of viruses, including coronaviruses and the Ebola virus. The basis of the drug is a “superantigen” – an active component completely designed with the help of AI. The researchers used a computer-generated protein that replicates common features of several coronaviruses, rather than just one specific variant. This helps the immune system recognize a wide range of similar pathogens.

To create the superantigen, scientists collected data on the genetic sequences of Sarbeco coronaviruses that circulate among bats and can be transmitted to humans, and then applied machine learning technologies. Another feature of the development was the method of administering the vaccine: instead of a needle, a microfluidic jet is used, which delivers the drug into the skin using a high-pressure liquid stream. This method simplifies vaccination, reduces medical waste and makes the drug more accessible in regions where the use of needles is difficult. In addition, the vaccine is more thermally stable compared to mRNA drugs and does not require storage at ultra-low temperatures, which is especially important for countries with limited resources and for emergency situations.

The first stage of testing, which ran from December 2021 to September 2023, involved 39 volunteers. The researchers reported that all four doses were well tolerated and there were no serious side effects. Following the successful completion of the first phase, scientists plan to move on to a second phase of clinical trials to test the vaccine’s effectiveness in a larger and more diverse group of people.