Iran War: This is how sea mines work

How do sea mines work?

Sea mines are underwater bodies filled with explosives that explode on contact or when a ship approaches. Some models detonate when touched directly, others register that a ship is approaching based on a magnetic field, driving noise or changes in water pressure. There are sea mines that are anchored to the bottom and float at a certain depth below the sea surface. Some lie directly on the seabed, others can be controlled remotely. Mines that drift freely and uncontrollably are prohibited under international law. They are brought into the sea by planes, submarines or ships.

Are sea mines still dangerous even after decades?

Yes. During wars, not all mines are always documented for later clearance. Some of them remain undetected for decades. According to the Bundeswehr, there are still an estimated 100,000 sea mines from the world wars lying on the seabed in the Baltic Sea alone. Some of them are still explosive and therefore endanger the construction of offshore wind farms. Rust can also release toxins, which in the long term even end up on your plate through the food chain.

Are sea mines becoming an uncontrolled danger?

This can happen when they become loose from their moorings and drift due to currents and storms. An example: In spring 2022, sea mines were discovered floating off the Turkish coast several times. Shipping traffic on the Bosporus, for example, was partially suspended. Observers suspected a connection with the Ukraine war. There are countless sea mines in the Black Sea.

How are sea mines rendered harmless?

This task can be carried out by minesweepers or underwater drones. These autonomous vehicles identify mines under water, which are then destroyed by the Navy – for example using combat drones. In some cases, divers also have to take on the dangerous work of clearing mines.