What happens in other European cities: the powers of Berlin, Vienna and Madrid

Mentre Roma is preparing to achieve greater powers with theentry into the Constitution, l’expansion of powers it is already effective in some European capitalsequipped with particular forms of autonomy.

European models of autonomy

They are divided into two main models. The first is the model of city-statecharacterized byunification of municipal and regional or state functions in onesingle institutional entityas in the case of Berlin, Vienna and – in part – Zagreb. The second is model a distinct levels of governmentin which themunicipal administration of the capital coexists with a’separate regional or autonomous entityas happens in Bruxelles, Madrid e Budapest. This is what one explains Montecitorio dossier made with a view toexamination of the reform are Rome Capital.

The Berlin model

Berlin it is simultaneously one city and a Federal Landconfiguring itself as one city-state. The Fundamental Law (Grundgesetz) designates it as federal capitalwhile the Constitution of Berlin explicitly states that theLand and municipal administration is exercised by same organs. The German system is based on the principle of cooperative federalismwhich attributes to Countries all residual legislative powers.

The case of Vienna

Vienna is defined by Austrian Constitution come federal capital, Autonomous land e commonwith a full territorial coincidence. Here too there is one explicit correspondence Between municipal bodies e bodies of the Land. However, the Austrian Federation stops i most relevant legislative sectorslimiting theautonomy of the countries compared to the German model.

The complex structure of Brussels

Bruxelles has a structure particularly complex. The City of Brussels it’s there capital of Belgiumbut that’s just one of them 19 municipalities from the Brussels-Capital Regionone of three federated entities of the country. There is one organ duplication Between Region e Commonfurther articulated by Language commissions.

The Madrid model

Madrid it’s there capital of Spain and it’s a Common inserted into the Autonomous Community of Madrid. They are present two distinct levels of government: il Municipality of Madrid and the Autonomous Communityeach with own organs. The Spanish Constitution discipline them skills through explicit lists.

Prague city-region

Prague it’s there capital of the Czech Republic and it’s one city ​​with special status con regional rank. It is administratively equated to a end and his status is defined by Czech Constitution and from special laws on theautonomy of the capital.

Zagreb city-county

Zagreb, capital of Croatiait’s one autonomous city con county status. The Croatian Constitution attributes them equivalent skills to those of regional countiesby virtue of his capital role.

Budapest and metropolitan autonomy

Budapest it’s there capital of Hungary and it has autonomous unit status at the level of county. It is an administrative entity equated to countiesequipped with a Metropolitan Assembly con own skillsaccording to Hungarian Constitution and the laws on local autonomy.