Rahma al-Adwan, 31, an NHS doctor, was detained at her home in Pilning and taken to a police station in London.
According to Sky News, she was detained for violating bail conditions after previous arrests.
At the police station, Rahma al-Adwan was charged with calling for support for the banned organization Hamas four times between July and December last year. The charges relate to materials and comments posted on the Internet.
In addition, al-Adawan has been charged with two counts of inciting racial hatred, both through written materials and oral statements. She will appear in court next week.